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The number of millennial and Gen Z adults taking medication for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder soared during the pandemic, according to new research.
A study published Thursday by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention assessed stimulant prescription trends over five years among adults and children who get health insurance through an employer.
It found that the percentage of American adults and children who filled at least one prescription for stimulants rose to 4.1% in 2021, up from 3.6% in 2016. Among certain demographics, the increase is even more pronounced: The percentage of women ages 15 to 44 and men ages 25 to 44 who filled a stimulant prescription jumped 10% over those five years.
“The current study adds to evidence that the increasing trend in the percentage of adults receiving prescriptions for stimulants has continued during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a notable upturn during 2020-2021,” the authors wrote. “The pandemic has had negative impacts on mental health, which might have led to or exacerbated ADHD symptoms.”
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Well back in my day…oh shit SQUIRREL!!Back in my day, society had a treatment for that and it didn't include the use of drugs. A sharp slap upside the head and a "settle your ass down" and the problem soon corrected itself. In extreme cases, a belt nearly always solved the problem.
This is mostly about adults, not children (although teenagers were included in the study).
I was that kid!Well back in my day…oh shit SQUIRREL!!
…what were we talking about again?
ADHD is NOT a neurological type.
You are NOT an elite hunter-gatherer, you are metabolically impaired.
You have insufficient energy levels in your brain.
It actually takes a lot of brain energy to be able to relax or focus. Anxiety, restlessness, excitation come from a state of insufficient energy.
ADHD in children is related to the energy levels in the brain. The frontal lobes of the brain, which are responsible for planning and understanding complex tasks that require prolonged attention, have a very high energy requirement.
When these parts of the brain do not receive sufficient energy, children and animals can become hyperactive and unable to concentrate.
Ray Peat explains that stimulants like Ritalin (methylphenidate) and caffeine temporarily raise the energy level of the brain, making individuals more attentive and focused.
This is why Ritalin is often prescribed for hyperactive children, as it helps them to quietly pay attention.
However, Peat notes that this effect is not paradoxical from a scientific physiology perspective; it is simply a matter of providing the brain with the energy it needs to function properly.
We don’t want to feed Ritalin to children, obviously, so what should we do?
Well… Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in maintaining high energy levels in the brain. If these hormones are deficient, the nerves require stimulants to function normally, and the body produces large amounts of adrenaline to keep going, which can result in tiredness and tension simultaneously.
To address ADHD, Ray Peat suggested ensuring that the brain has a consistent supply of energy.
This can be achieved by correcting hypothyroidism, which often involves dietary changes or taking a thyroid supplement.
By increasing the rate of energy production, the brain can maintain a high energy level, reducing hyperactivity and improving concentration.
As someone rightfully pointed out, it is obviously a disorder if fixing energy metabolism fixes it.
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Methylene blue has a boxed warning — the FDA’s most serious type of warning — for a risk of serotonin syndrome when used with other medications that raise serotonin levels. Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition that is caused by too much serotonin in the brain. Symptoms can include muscle spasms, sweating, and agitation, among others.
You shouldn’t receive methylene blue if you’re taking medications that affect serotonin levels. Some of the more common medications that can increase your risk for serotonin syndrome include:
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) like selegiline
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like sertraline (Zoloft)
- Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) like duloxetine (Cymbalta)
- Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) like amitriptyline (Elavil)
- Mirtazapine (Remeron)
- Buspirone (Buspar)
- Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
- Lithium
- Triptans and ergot derivatives, which are used to treat migraine headaches
- Prescription pain medications (like opioids)
Recreational substance use can also raise your risk for serotonin syndrome, especially amphetamines, MDMA, and cocaine.
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Methylene blue’s theoretical mechanisms of action for ADHD symptoms are multifaceted. Firstly, its ability to enhance mitochondrial function may address the energy deficits observed in the brains of individuals with ADHD. Improved energy metabolism could potentially lead to better cognitive performance and attention regulation. Secondly, methylene blue’s effects on neurotransmitter systems, particularly its inhibition of monoamine oxidase, may help modulate dopamine and norepinephrine levels, which are key targets in traditional ADHD medications.
The cognitive-enhancing properties of methylene blue have been demonstrated in various studies, albeit not specifically in ADHD populations. Research has shown that low doses of methylene blue can improve memory, attention, and processing speed in healthy adults. These cognitive domains are often impaired in individuals with ADHD, suggesting a potential benefit for this population.
While research specifically examining methylene blue for ADHD is limited, the existing studies on its cognitive effects provide a compelling rationale for further investigation. Methylation and ADHD have been linked in previous research, and methylene blue’s interaction with methylation processes adds another layer of interest to its potential therapeutic effects.
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As noted, comes a time, the belt and fist don't work.Back in my day, society had a treatment for that and it didn't include the use of drugs. A sharp slap upside the head and a "settle your ass down" and the problem soon corrected itself. In extreme cases, a belt nearly always solved the problem.
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